.ph-research-single {
	padding: 30px 0 0;
}

.ph-research-single__article {
	margin: 0 auto;
	padding: 34px 28px 32px;
}

.ph-research-single__hero {
	display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 300px;
    gap: 32px;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 50px;
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid #edf1f4;
    border-radius: 28px;
	box-shadow: var(--ph-shadow-div);
}

.ph-research-single__title {
	margin: 12px 0 0;
	font-size: clamp(38px, 5vw, 60px);
	line-height: 1.1;
	letter-spacing: -0.02em;
	color: #20242b;
}

.ph-research-single__journal {
	margin: 10px 0 0;
	font-size: 18px;
	line-height: 1.35;
	color: #4e5966;
}

.ph-research-single__journal strong {
	color: #2e3640;
}

.ph-research-single__meta {
	margin-top: 14px;
	display: flex;
	flex-wrap: wrap;
	gap: 6px 30px;
	font-size: 26px;
	color: #5f6a76;
}

.ph-research-single__meta-item {
	position: relative;
	display: inline-flex;
	align-items: center;
	gap: 6px;
	font-size: 21px;
}

.ph-research-single__meta-item::before {
	content: "";
    display: inline-block;
    width: 25px;
    height: 25px;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    background-position: center;
    background-size: 25px 25px;
}

.ph-research-single__meta-item--author::before {
	background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg width='14' height='14' viewBox='0 0 16 16' fill='none' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cpath d='M8 8C9.65685 8 11 6.65685 11 5C11 3.34315 9.65685 2 8 2C6.34315 2 5 3.34315 5 5C5 6.65685 6.34315 8 8 8ZM8 9.5C5.51472 9.5 3.5 11.5147 3.5 14H12.5C12.5 11.5147 10.4853 9.5 8 9.5Z' stroke='%23469F10' stroke-width='1.4' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-linejoin='round'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
}

.ph-research-single__meta-item--author-has-image::before {
	display: none;
}

.ph-research-single__author-image {
	width: 25px;
	height: 25px;
	border-radius: 50%;
	object-fit: cover;
	display: inline-block;
}

.ph-research-single__meta-item--date::before {
	background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg width='14' height='14' viewBox='0 0 16 16' fill='none' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Crect x='2.5' y='3.5' width='11' height='10' rx='1.5' stroke='%23469F10' stroke-width='1.4'/%3E%3Cpath d='M5 2.5V4.5M11 2.5V4.5M2.5 6H13.5' stroke='%23469F10' stroke-width='1.4' stroke-linecap='round'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
}

.ph-research-single__pills {
	margin-top: 0;
	display: flex;
	flex-wrap: wrap;
	gap: 20px;
}

.ph-research-single__pills .ph-research-card__badge {
	display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 2px 12px;
    border-radius: 999px;
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.02em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    border: 1px solid transparent;
}

.ph-research-single__pills .ph-research-card__badge--green {
	background: var(--ph-green-bg);
    color: var(--ph-green) !important;
    border-color: var(--ph-green) !important;
}

.ph-research-single__pills .ph-research-card__badge--black {
	background: #101113;
	color: #fff;
	border-color: #101113;
}

.ph-research-single__pills .ph-research-card__badge--green:hover,
.ph-research-single__pills .ph-research-card__badge--black:hover {
	color: #fff;
}

.ph-research-single__hero-actions {
	margin-top: 24px;
	display: flex;
	flex-wrap: wrap;
	gap: 20px;
}
.ph-research-single__hero-actions>button.ph-btn.ph-btn--outline:hover svg path {
    fill: var(--ph-green);
}

.ph-research-single__hero-actions .ph-btn {
	font-size: 18px;
	padding: 12px 22px;
}

.ph-research-single__hero-actions .ph-btn--primary {
	background: var(--ph-green);
	border-color: var(--ph-green);
	color: #fff;
}

.ph-research-single__hero-media {
	width: 100%;
	aspect-ratio: 0.78 / 1;
	max-width: 300px;
	justify-self: end;
	border-radius: 16px;
	overflow: hidden;
	background: #dce4e2;
	box-shadow: 0 8px 14px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
}

.ph-research-single__hero-media img {
	width: 100%;
	height: 100%;
	object-fit: cover;
	display: block;
}

.ph-research-single__section {
	margin-top: 100px;
    border-top: 0;
}

.ph-research-single__section-title {
	margin: 0 0 16px;
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    line-height: 1.2;
}

.ph-research-single__section-title::before {
	content: '';
	display: inline-block;
	width: 4px;
	height: 0.92em;
	border-radius: 999px;
	background: var(--ph-green);
	margin-right: 10px;
	vertical-align: -0.08em;
}

.ph-research-single__abstract {
	margin: 0 0 14px;
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.ph-research-single__abstract p {
	margin: 0 0 0.9em;
    line-height: 1.4;
    color: var(--ph-gray);
}

.ph-research-single__abstract p:last-child {
	margin-bottom: 0;
}

.ph-research-single__stat-grid {
	margin-top: 60px;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 34px;
    border: 1px solid #e7edf2;
    border-radius: 24px;
    padding: 20px 26px;
    background: #fff;
    box-shadow: var(--ph-shadow-div);

}

.ph-research-single__stat-col {
	min-width: 0;
}

.ph-research-single__stat-title {
	margin: 0;
	font-size: 26px;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	letter-spacing: 0.06em;
	color: #2f3742;
}

.ph-research-single__keyword-list {
	margin-top: 14px;
	display: flex;
	flex-wrap: wrap;
	gap: 10px 8px;
}

.ph-research-single__keyword-pill {
	display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 6px 14px;
    border-radius: 999px;
    border: 1px solid #d9e0e7;
    background: var(--ph-gray-bg);
    font-size: 18px;
    line-height: 1.2;
    color: #475361;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.ph-research-single__type-list {
	list-style: none;
	margin: 14px 0 0;
	padding: 0;
	display: grid;
	gap: 8px;
}

.ph-research-single__type-list li {
	position: relative;
    padding-left: 25px;
    font-size: 18px;
    line-height: 1.45;
    color: #353f4a;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.ph-research-single__type-list li::before {
	content: '';
	position: absolute;
	left: 0;
	top: 5px;
	width: 14px;
	height: 16px;
	background-repeat: no-repeat;
	background-position: center;
	background-size: 14px 16px;
	background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg width='14' height='16' viewBox='0 0 14 16' fill='none' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cpath d='M13.7086 3.2937C14.0992 3.68433 14.0992 4.3187 13.7086 4.70933L5.70859 12.7093C5.31797 13.1 4.68359 13.1 4.29297 12.7093L0.292969 8.70933C-0.0976562 8.3187 -0.0976562 7.68433 0.292969 7.2937C0.683594 6.90308 1.31797 6.90308 1.70859 7.2937L5.00234 10.5843L12.2961 3.2937C12.6867 2.90308 13.3211 2.90308 13.7117 3.2937H13.7086Z' fill='%23469F10'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
}

.ph-research-single__stat-empty {
	margin: 12px 0 0;
	color: #7d8793;
	font-size: 15px;
	line-height: 1.4;
}

.ph-research-single__body {
	margin-top: 60px;
}

.ph-research-single__body h2,
.ph-research-single__body h3,
.ph-research-single__body h4 {
	font-size: clamp(23px, 3vw, 34px);
	margin-top: 1.8em;
	margin-bottom: 0.35em;
}

.ph-research-single__body p {
	margin: 0 0 .9em;
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    line-height: 1.4;
    color: var(--ph-gray);
    font-weight: 500;
}

.ph-research-single__cite {
	margin-top: 70px;
}

.ph-research-single__cite-box {
	border: 1px solid #e3e8ee;
	border-radius: 20px;
	background: #fff;
	padding: 18px 22px 20px;
}

.ph-research-single__cite-title {
	margin: 0 0 14px;
	font-size: 1.5rem;
	line-height: 1.1;
	color: #242a31;
	letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.ph-research-single__cite-card {
	border: 1px solid #e3e8ee;
	border-radius: 14px;
	padding: 14px 16px;
	background: #fff;
}

.ph-research-single__cite-card p {
	margin: 0;
	font-size: 1rem;
	line-height: 1.35;
	color: #37424e;
}

.ph-research-single__cite-btn {
	margin-top: 14px;
}

.ph-research-single__cite-btn svg {
	display: block;
}

/* Below How to Cite: centered Download PDF + View External Publication (hero CTAs unchanged). */
.ph-research-single__post-cite-actions-wrap {
	margin-top: 0;
}

.ph-research-single__post-cite-actions-wrap--standalone {
	margin-top: 48px;
}

.ph-research-single__post-cite-divider {
	border: 0;
	border-top: 1px solid #e3e8ee;
	margin: 22px 0 0;
	padding: 0;
}

.ph-research-single__post-cite-actions {
	display: flex;
	flex-wrap: wrap;
	justify-content: center;
	align-items: center;
	gap: 16px 24px;
	margin-top: 50px;
}

.ph-research-single__post-cite-actions .ph-btn--md {
	font-size: 16px;
	font-weight: var(--ph-fw-extra);
	padding: 14px 28px;
}

.ph-research-single__post-cite-actions .ph-btn--primary svg {
	flex-shrink: 0;
}

.ph-research-single__post-cite-actions .ph-btn--outline svg {
	flex-shrink: 0;
}

.ph-research-single__post-cite-actions .ph-btn--outline:hover svg path {
	fill: var(--ph-green);
}

.ph-research-single__actions {
	margin-top: 16px;
	display: flex;
	flex-wrap: wrap;
	gap: 10px;
	justify-content: center;
}

/* ── Related Research (full width) ─ */
.ph-related-research {
	margin-top: 100px;
	margin-bottom: 100px;
}

.ph-related-research__head {
	display: flex;
	align-items: center;
	justify-content: space-between;
	gap: 12px;
	margin: 0 0 30px;
}

.ph-related-research__head h2 {
	margin: 0;
	font-size: clamp(23px, 3vw, 34px);
	line-height: 1.15;
	font-weight: var(--ph-fw-bold);
	color: var(--ph-black);
}

.ph-related-research__view-all {
	flex-shrink: 0;
	font-size: 1.1rem;
	font-weight: var(--ph-fw-bold);
	color: var(--ph-green);
	text-decoration: none;
}

.ph-related-research__view-all:hover {
	color: var(--ph-green-dark);
	text-decoration: underline;
}

.ph-related-research__grid {
	display: grid;
	grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
	gap: 16px;
	align-items: stretch;
}

.ph-related-research__card {
	position: relative;
	display: block;
	padding: 18px 52px 18px 18px;
	border: 1px solid #e7edf2;
	border-radius: 12px;
	text-decoration: none;
	background: var(--ph-white);
	color: inherit;
	transition: border-color var(--ph-transition), box-shadow var(--ph-transition);
}

.ph-related-research__card:hover {
	border-color: rgba(70, 159, 16, 0.35);
	box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}

.ph-related-research__arrow {
	position: absolute;
	top: 16px;
	right: 14px;
	width: 36px;
	height: 36px;
	border-radius: 999px;
	background: #f4f6f8;
	display: inline-flex;
	align-items: center;
	justify-content: center;
	color: var(--ph-gray);
	pointer-events: none;
}

.ph-related-research__arrow .ph-related-arrow-svg {
	display: block;
}

.ph-related-research__card:hover .ph-related-research__arrow {
	color: var(--ph-green);
	background: var(--ph-green-bg);
}

.ph-related-research__label {
	display: block;
	margin: 0 0 8px;
	font-size: 1rem;
	font-weight: var(--ph-fw-bold);
	letter-spacing: 0.08em;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	color: var(--ph-green);
	line-height: 1.2;
}

.ph-related-research__card h3 {
	margin: 0;
	font-size: 1.3rem;
	line-height: 1.35;
	font-weight: var(--ph-fw-bold);
	color: #1b2732;
}

.ph-related-research__meta {
	margin: 8px 0 0;
    font-size: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.45;
    color: var(--ph-gray);
    font-weight: 500;
}

.ph-related-research__divider {
	display: block;
	margin: 28px 0 0;
	padding: 0;
	border: 0;
	border-top: 1px solid #e7edf2;
}

.ph-research-single__related-ac {
	margin-top: 40px;
}

@media (max-width: 900px) {
	.ph-research-single__hero{
		padding: 20px;
	}
	.ph-research-single__article {
		padding: 16px;
	}

	.ph-research-single__hero {
		grid-template-columns: 1fr;
	}

	.ph-research-single__hero-media {
		justify-self: center;
	}

	.ph-research-single__section,
	.ph-research-single__stat-grid,
	.ph-research-single__body,
	.ph-research-single__cite,
	.ph-related-research__grid {
		grid-template-columns: 1fr;
	}

	.ph-research-single__related-ac {
		padding-left: 0;
		padding-right: 0;
	}
	.ph-related-research__head h2{
		font-size: 1.75rem;
	}


	.ph-research-single__cite-card p {
		font-size: 21px;
	}
}